Identification Essay -- essays papers

IdentificationThe identification process is perhaps the biggest problem in endue education. In the United States, it is estimated that 47,846,000 children are enrolled in K-12 existence schools. Of these students, approximately 2,393,000, or five percent, are considered gifted (Genius Denied, 2005). Developing procedures to cite these exceptional students can be an arduous task. However, Coleman has stated that, Identification remains full of life to ensuring that children receive the services they need to thrive in school (2003, 1). There are several problems educators deal with when identifying gifted students. First, students from economically disadvantaged families or from culturally diverse backgrounds are considerably underrepresented in gifted programs. Also, gifted children with other noted disabilities are not represented. These students, also called twice-exceptional students, are especially hard to identify and instruct, as they whitethorn require advanced lear ning in certain areas as well as remedial education in other areas (Winebrenner, 2003). Second, many an(prenominal) educators are not trained to deal with much(prenominal) drastic above average intelligence, and they tend to rely on only one aspect of intelligence, such as an IQ score or a result from a standardized test, to identify intelligent students. These educators need to realize that intelligence is more complex, and may be evident more in portfolios, group projects, performance-based assessments, or a summation of work displayed over time. And finally, there is often a disparity among identification and the services involved. For example, a student identified as advanced in mathematics alone would probably not benefit from grade skipping, as he/she may fall behind in... ...Willard, P. (2002). Catering to the needs of gifted children. Dodge City Daily Globe. Retrieved 24 February 2005 from http//www.dodgeglobe.com/stories/092702/lif_gifted.shtml.This article tell s the story of Erich Steubgen, a gifted student. The article then goes on to evaluate the emotional aspects of gifted and talented children how they feel in a normal classroom, and warning signs for teachers who might be throw off by adverse behaviors. Hagy, J. (2004). Hidden Genius. Teacher Magazine, 15(6), pp. 51-52. Retrieved 20 February 2005 from www.edweek.org. This resource provided information about the frustrations involved in identification from a parents perspective. Winner, E. (1996). The miseducation of our gifted children. Retrieved 21 April 2005 from www.edweek.org.This article mainly reviews several points I made in my paper.

Famous People :: essays papers

Famous PeopleIn 1999 Ricky Martins de merely album hit turning one on the Billboard Top 100 charts and also surpassed his other CD sales by selling almost 661,000 copies of his first English quarrel album. That same year two major publishers printed biographies on him. (Griffiths, john 1of 5) Since his Grammy debut in 1999 he seems to have found success in every picture of his career except in his personal life sentence. Even with all the success he has reaped he unfortunately still suffers from the inability to keep a indestructible partner in his life. This problem is seen through interpreting his music, where he expresses his loneliness and feelings about losing love. His loneliness has occurred from putting his career in front of his personal life due to his earliest obsession with having the full attention of his both his separated parents. His need for attention did not start at the beginning of the divorce though, in contrary he received even more attention then normal be cause both his parents wanted to see him be as happy as possible. With his parents not communicating to each other regularly he was able to get things from one parent that the other previously disapproved of. (Furman 5-7) One of the things he win over his parents to let him do was acting. While watching other actors on TV he wished that he would one day do the same. He decided at the age of five that he wanted to entertain and his father supported him all the way. For his Father, seeing him perform in school plays and sing in his church service choir only proved that letting his son act was the most reasonable thing to do. (Celebrating Hispanic Culture 1 of 4) For Ricky be on-stage was synonymous with being loved. It was like having an even bigger family to adore and admire his every move and gesture.(Furman 7) But soon Rickys new and improved bigger family would become a littler bit smaller. A short while after his acting pursuit began both his parents remarried and five new ste pbrothers and sisters followed. Since losing most of his parents full attention he dreamt day and night about being a huge star so that, once again, he could just not get the attention of his parents but also of the adoring public all around the world. (Furman 8-9)He didnt know that the public adoration was just around the corner though.

Romanticism, Realism and Local Color in The Awakening Essay -- Chopin

Romanticism, Realism and Local Color in The Awakening Kate Chopin is an author who was natural in 1851 and died in 1904. Her father died when she was young, and her husband died when she was thirty-one leaving her with six children. Due to this, she had little male influence throughout her life. This may possibly be why she had so little inhibition when authorship her originals. She seemed to concentrate on the oppression of women and presented socially unacceptable ideas at the time of their publication. Although Kate Chopin stirred up cracking controversy in her time, today her novels, short stories, and poems are often regarded as great literary works that incorporate bold concepts, grim social realities, and excessively elements of romance. One such novel of Chopins that embodies these characteristics is The Awakening, first published in 1899. At the time of its release, men held the reigns of society and women basically catered to their every whim. Acts, such as adultery and the abandonment of children, were rarely committed, and they especially were not discussed. The Awakening came as a shock to society as Kate Chopin presented a novel that developed her opinions through examples of Romantic, Realistic, and topical anaesthetic affectation writing. Like many novels of its time, The Awakening is an example of Romanticism. Romanticism can be defined as a literary or art dejection of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century that emphasizes individualism, love of nature, celebration of common man, freedom, emotion, exotic worlds, fantasy, and a tendency to look to the past. The Awakenings main character, ... ...s examples of local color help to intensify the characters, setting, and conflict. Chopin showed what a talented writer she was by her incorporation of Romanticism, Realism, and local color in her novel The Awakening. She combined these elements to add dimension to her writing and further develop her thoughts and ideas. Kate Ch opin was not a typical writer nor was she a typical person. As shown in her book, The Awakening, she was audacious and wrote about what she truly felt quite a than what was expected of her. Literary devices, such as romance, realistic events, and local color, do add a volume to novels, but without Chopins skill in using these devices, this novel would not have been the eye-opening masterpiece it is today.

Computer Security and Hacking :: Internet Security

Getting Ips--To see the ip all computers you argon committed to (web servers, people attempting to hack into your computer). Go to dos (startruntype command) and run the netstat command. Type netstat /? for details. Type netstat -r at the command prompt to see the ip of all computers you atomic number 18 connected toIn MSN (and other programs) when you are chatting to someone everything you type goes through the MSN servers first (they act as a proxy) so you see their ip rather than who you are chatting to. You can get round this by sending them a file as MSN doesnt send file through its proxy.When you type the netstat -r (or -a for a different view) the ips are under the foreign address table. The ports are separated by a . Different programs use different ports, so you can work out which ips are from which program. Connecting to other computers and what ports are--Servers send information. Clients retrieve. Simple. Windows comes with a built in program to connect to other comp uters called telnet. To start Windows telnet Start menu Run type Telnet. Click connect remote system of rules Ports are doors into computers. Hosts are computer names (ip number or a name that is translated into the ip automatically) Different programs slack different ports, further they al shipway open the same ports so other computers know which port to connect to. You can get a port list listing all the different ports, but a basic one is 11 - Sends info on the computer 21 - FTP (File transfer program) 23 - Telnet (Login to the computers command line) 25 - Smtp (Sends mail) 80 - Http (Web pages) at that place are thousands of different programs using different ports. You can get programs called portscanners which check a computer for all ports up to a certain number, looking for ways in. You can portscan a computer looking for ways-in. Anyway, back to telnet. Type www.yahoo.com as the host and port as 80 the click connect. If nothing happens, youre in. Wow. You are connected to Yahoos server. You can now type http commands (you are connected to an http server, so it supports http commands). Ie. on an ftp server you can type open and it will do something. On an http server it will just wonder what the hell you are on about. Type get / http/1.

Symbols and Symbolism in The Catcher in the Rye :: Catcher Rye Essays

Symbolism in The Catcher in the Rye Throughout the novel, the reviewer is presented with various symbols. The symbols argon clearly made evident by Holdens constant repetition of their importance. The symbols are so important and their symbolism is directly think to the major themes of the novel. Allie, Holdens young brother who died several years earlier, was a key symbol throughout the story. When Holden remembers incidents from his past involving Allie, his attitude changes, such as when he writes the composition about Allies baseball glove or when Holden broke his hand after punching all of the windows after Allie died. He feels that Allie was one of the few wad who were not phony in a world full of phonies. More importantly, Allie represents the innocence and childhood that Holden strives to find throughout his multi-day journey. In Holdens opinion, Allie represents the purity that Holden looks for in the world. Holden admits that he admires Allie more than he admires Jesus, and even prays to Allie at one point, rather than Jesus. Allie is Holdens role model, whom he judges the rest of the world according to. When Allie dies, it creates excitement in Holdens life. At various points during the course of the novel, Holden inquires as to what happens to the ducks who are normally on a pond in Central Park, when winter comes and the water freezes. As he inquires, the answers he receives range from as farfetched answers as the idea that the ducks still remain there under the ice, just as the tilt do, to uncaring answers such as a simple What a stupid question remark. Despite the answer he gets, Holden is never satisfied with the reply. Holden doesnt consciously realize that the ducks relate to him. Whether he will admit it or not, Holden is scared. He has been kicked out of numerous schools, he cant get good grades, his parents are angry with him, and he spends his days wandering through New York City. He doesnt know where he is going to go, reflecting h is question about the ducks. Perhaps if he knew where the ducks went, he could follow their example. While walking through New York City, Holden arrives at the Museum of Natural History. He remarks about the museum that he likes the glass cases that the museum officials place all of their exhibits in.

Symbols and Symbolism in The Catcher in the Rye :: Catcher Rye Essays

Symbolism in The Catcher in the Rye Throughout the novel, the reader is presented with various symbols. The symbols are clearly made evident by Holdens constant repetition of their importance. The symbols are so important and their symbolism is directly related to the major themes of the novel. Allie, Holdens young brother who died several years earlier, was a key symbol throughout the story. When Holden remembers incidents from his past involving Allie, his attitude changes, such as when he writes the composition about Allies baseball glove or when Holden broke his hand after punching all of the windows after Allie died. He feels that Allie was one of the few people who were not phony in a world full of phonies. more importantly, Allie represents the innocence and childhood that Holden strives to find throughout his multi-day journey. In Holdens opinion, Allie represents the purity that Holden looks for in the world. Holden admits that he admires Allie more than he admires Jesus , and even prays to Allie at one point, earlier than Jesus. Allie is Holdens role model, whom he judges the rest of the world according to. When Allie dies, it creates turbulence in Holdens life. At various points during the course of the novel, Holden inquires as to what happens to the ducks who are normally on a pond in Central Park, when winter comes and the water freezes. As he inquires, the answers he receives range from as farfetched answers as the idea that the ducks still remain there under the ice, just as the fish do, to uncaring answers such as a simple What a monstrous question remark. Despite the answer he gets, Holden is never satisfied with the reply. Holden doesnt consciously realize that the ducks relate to him. Whether he will admit it or not, Holden is scared. He has been kicked out of numerous schools, he cant get good grades, his parents are angry with him, and he spends his days wandering through New York City. He doesnt know where he is going to go, reflect ing his question about the ducks. Perhaps if he knew where the ducks went, he could follow their example. While walking through New York City, Holden arrives at the Museum of Natural History. He remarks about the museum that he likes the glass cases that the museum officials place all of their exhibits in.

Air Pollution – Summary

Air Pollution Summary Air pollution has adverse effects on almost everything. People, animals, the environment, and the economy are the main victims of air pollution. For people, animals and the environment the quality of the air taken in by all living things has to be clean. Unclean air sens result in many illnesses to man, and can be especially harmful to those already suffering from asthma. Unclean air can also damage trees, crops, plants, lakes and all animals living on land or in the water.The cost to the economy is enormous * health care for the people made sick * reduced farm crops and forests costs money in lost food and timber production The causes of air pollution are both natural and human. Human causes are * burning of fossil fuels * emissions from all our sources of transport * electricity power plants * polluting the air by burning wood in stoves * the paint we use * aerosol sprays and most of the cleaning products we use Natural causes are * toilet and a gas calle d carbon monoxide wind erosion * pollen * Methane gas from farm animals and rotting plants * Radon gas and poisonous gasses from erupting volcanoes. We can all do our numeral to reduce air pollution by using less electricity, using gas over wood or charcoal, cycling or walking rather than using cars, and to recycle as much as possible, for example, paper, plastic, glass bottles, cardboard and aluminium cans. There is strong evidence that recycling may reduce the tally of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere.

“A Conversation with My Father” by Grace Paley

Grace Paley combined several elements and devices in her short story A Conversation with My Father. The most striking themes in this short story are abandonment and family relationships.In this new story, the daughter is describing facts, whereas the father wants a more concluded description, full of details. Following this, we see that the daughter prefers to be optimistic, while the father prefers reality.This is illustrated by the following quotes No, Pa, it could really happen that way, its a funny creation straightaway, and to this, the father replies No Truth first. She will slide back. Her story describes the life of a mother and her son, and how she compels a junkie to remain close to her son, who has become a junkie. In the end, the son quits the drugs world, but the mother cannot.Her son leaves her, introducing the element of abandonment in the story. This theme is pursued further, but in surrounded by lines. For example, the son left his mother at a critical time, whe n she needed him most, whereas the narrator stayed with her dad, even in his dying days.The father does not believe that the muliebrity in his daughters story is strong enough and that even though she manages to quit doing drugs, she will fall back. I would tend to agree with him, because a lot of substance abusers, who quit, eventually, fall back. Her story is too optimistic, with a sense of denial for the tragedy.As the story ends, the father says Tragedy You too. When will you look it in the cause? Again, here we wonder whether the tragedy refers to the mother/son situation, or the fact that he will be dying soon. Earlier on, the father had said what a tragedy. The end of a person.And again, here the daughter refuses to accept that this is the endwhether it is the end of the mother or her father. This all relates to hope. When she started her story, she was determined to have hope in her story, to endorse that everyonedeserves the open destiny of life. I find it ironical, as s he tries her best to present the story with an open end, with plenty of hope. However, when she read the story, her father says that it does not communicate hope.Its the end. On a lighter tone, there is another obvious pair of ironical sentence. The father says Doesnt anyone have the time to run down to City Hall before they jump into bed and to this his daughter replies In real life, yes. But in my stories, no. I find this ironical, as nowadays the opposite is true.Today, in real life, people jump to bed and past get married, or never get married. This is a contrast between then and now, and how the people, as well as literature, have changed.

Why an indigenous African psychology not develop? Essay

My recent learning experience was from nonp beil of my psychology modules. The prescribed book is Personology from individual to ecosystem, chapter 17 i.e. Afri sess perspective. The driving elevation of this chapter is wherefore an indigenous African psychology not develop? The chapter cited the importation of the mainstream psychology a predominately Euro-American science into Africa resulting in a lack of development of a purely African mortalology theory. Several recommendations are made in terms of how this can be changed or im buildd. Also covered in this chapter is the topic on Views on psychopathology Some of the sub-topics covered includedHow do traditional Africans put wiz over illness and pathological behaviour? The role of ancestors in the screws of traditional AfricansThe oddment between the African and westbound conceptions of stress Dreams, spirits and sorcerersThe link between psych otherwiseapy and traditional healingAs an African it was not difficult to concern some of my experiences to what was explained in the terms of the African believes and practices. Recommendations were made to psychologist practicing in Africa on how to treat African patients in line with their beliefs. The aha-moment for me was when I ac acquaintanced the African counsel of living which I myself and my immediate family do not practice. This brought me back to Freires Culture of silence from SCK 201-3 module guide. Freire places the culture of silence as cultural infringement where invaders penetrate the cultural context of another group. Colonisation and militarisation dominance are said to be conducive to the development of the culture of silence. I name the insight into colonisation very interesting.Being a black African who stays in Africa I am personally not complaining that I refuse to believe in ancestors or traditional healers. I personally feel that colonisation did bring a lot of change to Africa the question I asked myself is at what cost? Af rica has natural resources, we gift been civilised and educated but majority ofAfrican countries are fluent dependant on European aid. Why? I enjoyed sharing and debating the Views on psychopathology and Freires theory with my work colleagues. We all conceded that even though we are liberated and gained independence we are still indirectly colonised. We in addition reached a consensus that corruption and lack of accountability are some of the reasons that are delaying progress in Africa.There are so more different perspectives to psychology that explain the different types of behaviour. No wholeness perspective has explanatory powers over the rest. Some contradict unmatchable another, overlap with each other or build upon ane another. Behaviourist perspective is different from approximately other approaches because state (and animals) are viewed as controlled by their environment and specifically that state are the result of what they stir learned from their environment. Behaviourism is concerned with how environmental factors simulate observable behaviour. The psychosexual perspective by Freud believes that events in peoples childhood can have a significant impact on behaviour as adults. Feud also believed that people have little submit will to make choices in bread and butter and that human behaviour is determined by the unconscious mind and childhood experiences. Humanistic psychology emphasizes the study of the person as a whole (holistic approach). This perspective suggests that each person is responsible for their own happiness and well-organism.It suggests that humans have innate capacity for self-actualization which is a unique desire to achieve ones highest potential as a person. Because of this focus on the person and his or her personal experiences and subjective perception of the world, the humanists regarded scientific methods as inappropriate for studying behaviour. Cognitive psychology perspective focuses on the study of cognition which is the mental act or process by which knowledge is acquired. It is an extremely scientific approach where lab experiments are used to study human behaviour. Biological psychologists explain behaviours in neurological terms, i.e. the physiology and structure of the brain and how this influences behaviour. many biological psychologists have concentrated on abnormal behaviour and have tried to explain it. Critical psychology challenges mainstream psychology by looking towards affable change as a means of preventing and treating psychopathology.One of criticalpsychologys main criticisms of schematic psychology is that it ignores the way power differences between affectionate classes and groups can impact the mental and physical well-being of individuals or groups of people. It does this, in part, because it tends to explain behaviour at the level of the individual. I agree with the notion that conventional psychologys choice of ignoring the impact the difference in social clas ses and groups has on mental health does not give a holistic view of human behaviour. It is known that poverty, illiteracy, alienation have some form of impact on ones mental state. The different ways or choices that people make to better their lives and the fact that some people make it out of the deprivation cycle and some fail is a clear indication that these factors affect people differently. Doing more research in this regard should provide a clearer picture.Question 3Personhood and becoming in African thoughtAs stated in the prescribed text, in African thought and belief a person is not complete until certain rituals are performed to qualify them as complete. get-go from birth those that practice the African culture do the imbeleko to introduce the child to the ancestors. Those that choose to follow the Christian practice baptise the child and give thank to God. As children grow into teenagers, boys are sent to the mountain as practiced as a transition to manhood by many cul tural groups. For use, the Ndebele club that still practice this tradition do not have respect for a man that has not been circumcised. It is said that Ndebele man also prefer to join their swell Ndebele females who still practice female circumcision which is also used as a transition to womanhood. A woman from another culture who knows nothing some the Ndebele culture who marries a Ndebele man is ofttimes judge to undergo this process in order to be respected and be qualified to be a woman. These two African traditions are still widely practiced but there is a shift where some people decide to go the western route. In gentle of health concerns and young man dying because of botched circumcisions parents prefer to have their children circumcised in hospital. Vigilance regarding oppressive practicesMale circumcision is encouraged peculiarly in a country like South Africa where there are challenges with HIV and AIDS. It is public knowledge that the practice minimises the chanc e of contracting the disease. Questions are embossed in relation to the process and procedures followed to see this through. It has been said that the boys undergo various tests and are given guidance and advice by elders to help curry them for manhood. In light of this some parents send their kids to hospital for circumcision to avoid any medical complications and loss of life. They are then sent to the mountain to undergo the transition that will prepare them for manhood. In a biotic alliance like the Ndebeles, young men decide to undergo initiation as it is a root of their personal identity and to avoid the dishearten of being labelled a boy. Coming to the female circumcision, in South Africa in particular in the Ndebele culture it is still clouded in secrecy. No one knows exactly what other rituals are performed during the initiation. I personally do not know the benefits of the practice. What I have read and seen on TV from other countries for example Kenya, the main rea son behind this practice is purely for the enjoyment of the girls future husband.Young woman and girls are ruthlessly mutilated only because they are expected to sexually satisfy their husbands once they get married. Many African countries have criminalised the practice but it is still practiced because man shun woman that have not undergone the procedure or transition to womanhood. One practice that is close to home that I personally feel is discriminatory against woman on the dot like female circumcision is the virginity testing (reed dance). It can be argued that it helps discourage girls from participating in sexual activities and that it helps reduce HIV infection. The fact that woman alone are expected to undergo such an invasive practice when it takes two people to engage in sex is tantamount to discrimination against woman.Initiation as a passage from exteriority to interiorityI agree with the text that initiation is a process by which people discover themselves through oth ers and their community. From having lived with the Ndebele community I birth the notion that for many of the young man and woman that choose to undergo initiation they do it because it is the root of their identity. For example, anyone who has decided not to undergoinitiation is often not seen as a true Ndebele. The person is not only labelled and shunned by the community it is also believed that his ancestors will not know him. Ubuntu as a processMy understanding of Ubuntu is simply human kindness. A person is a person through other people. It is about recognising a fellow human being, treating them with respect and dignity for the person they are whether sizeable or poor. This saying is mostly associated with black communities because a human being is not seen as an individual but as a collective of family and the community. Ubuntu as a process serve as testimony when community members come unneurotic to serve well a family when they have lost a love one. It is also evident w hen there is no shame in borrowing sugar from a neighbour. For example, to prove the concept that a person is a person through other people, families that choose not to attend funerals or assist other families when they are bereaved no villager will bother to offer support or even attend a funeral should that family loose a love one. The human being as a community of selvesI believe a human being is what they are because of where they come from. Im referring to culture, beliefs of ones parents and ones community in general. When growing up all these beliefs are instilled in oneself. It is only when one is independent and out of the family unit when they can any decide to continue with what they were taught at home or decide on a new way to live their lives. For example ones parents may believe in ancestral worship and have their children who grew up experiencing the practice but decide on Christianity and deny of the existence of ancestors. Question 4My community of is located in Ninapark suburb in Pretoria North. It is a middle class white dominant community. It is a clean, serene and quite community to live in. There is not much activity during week mean solar days especially during the day. There is mostly activity in the mornings when people go to work or take their children to school. The same activities occur in the evenings. interior(prenominal) workers and gardeners are also part of the community. The most enjoyable citing in the evenings is people taking walkings or jogging. Domestic workers are also seen in the evenings in groups gambling. Thestreet where my family and I live is a small street and all our neighbours are retired. Many are family members who have been residing in the area for more than twenty years. There is a public park about a kilometre from the house which is where many use especially those with children. There is an orphanage, a church, a rehabilitation centre, a golf course, and a small obtain centre. All these are a walkin g distance from home. The shopping centre is always busy in the evenings. There is a woollies food grocery shop which we all love, a spar grocery shop, a KFC, a pharmacy, a beauty shop, a travel centre, a pet shop and a handful of restaurants.I am mentioning all these shops because I feel that only as I love staying in Ninapark because the community has access to all these facilities or resources just a walking distance from our homes many community members apportion the same sentiment. We (the community) have found ourselves the target of crime just like many communities in South Africa. Because there is not much activity during the day thieves break in without being seen. Many in my small street are dupes of crime including me. I have found that this invasion of our homes has brought the community together in trying to find ways to combat crime. This is one thing that we all have in common. Apart from that there isnt much socialising. all one minds their own business. One rarel y sees kids playing in the street. The only time when one gets a chance to talk to neighbours is when by chance we reckon outback(a) our homes for a walk. Many of my neighbours do not even know my name. If anything happens for example a break in all we do is to sympathise with the victim and it ends there.We are all locked behind our high walls and security gates. There is definitely no socialisation. Being a black African from a rural village, life in the city is completely different from where I was born. There is caring and compassion, for example when a family losses a love one. It is a norm for community members to go a share their grief and offer support. This is not only psychological but also in assisting the family to prepare for the funeral. Each household in spite of appearance the community contributes an amount agreed by the community and the money is given to the family. On the day of the funeral everyone from the community attends as a show of support. There is no culture of individuality but communalism. Life in the city is a stark contrast of communalism. I find it is more individually orientated. No one meddles in anyones business. Yes there is access to everything, basicservices, health facilities but no community based support. In terms of community justice, since it is in our disposition by law we are all expected to acknowledge human rights. It is not only the responsibility of government but also of citizens and the government. Yes, there are showcases where this is not the case. What I have observed in the city is that many people know their rights and if contravened they have options for recourse including using the law. This is not always the case with rural communities as many do not know what their human rights are. What I have also observed in the city are the rich exploiting the poor. As the saying goes the poor have no voice i.e. cheap labour. This is of course debatable.In groupsMy nuclear familyExtended family membersMy fo rmer university friendsMy husbands friends and their wivesOrphans virtuoso parents plenty living with HIV and AIDSPeople with terminal illnessPeople I go to church withThe poorElderly peopleColleaguesIT professionalsPeople in the medical fieldSocial volunteersbeggarsOut-group crew membersPaedophilesPeople that commit violent crimesPeople that commit any crimeTraditional healersInvisiblePaedophilesGaysLesbiansTranssexualsBisexualsAtheistsGang membersHaving been born in a rural area with not much hope, where there was a lack of access to basic services, a lack of selective information and poverty I personality feel content with my current situation and community. One only got to see and experience city life once or twice a year when coming to the city to buy Christmas clothes. It was the citing of such communities and life that gave one insight of how much more life had to offer outside ones environment and circumstances. This was one motivating factor that led one to break the cycle of poverty. The community, the neighbourhood and the way of life led me to attribute self-determination and motivation.Having access to basic services, access to knowledge, access to primary health, education and sanitation left one with not much to worry about shut out to focus on improving ones life, that of ones children and those who are still trapped in the cycle of poverty back at home. Having come from a poor background and being in this community has also given me an insight on what it means to be poor, hence I relate and sympathise with those less fortunate. I give back and assist where possible. Even though the way of life in my neighbourhood has empowered me it has also taken away my African way of life. It is not community orientated but focuses more on individuality. That is why my family and I always look onwards to a trip to the village and not feeling ashamed to borrow sugar or onion from a neighbour.Question 5I would define racial identity as a background that o ne identifies with. Because of globalisation and movement to new communities people build lives in different communities and choose the identity they can relate to. Steve Biko was addressing the liberation of the oppressed mind of a black man.His black consciousness movement was dealing with two forces. He first turn to the external oppression experienced by blacks through segregation laws. The second was self-alienation. In opposition to this he called for the blacks to identify with themselves hence reversing years of self-negativity.Post-colonial is the study of the set up of colonialism on culture and societies of the previously oppressed or colonised. It is concerned with how Europeans controlled third world cultures and how these groups responded and resisted their way to independence. It is about the relationship between the colonisers and the previously colonised. It is about the sensation of social, psychological and cultural inferiority enforced by being in a colonised state. It is the struggle for ethnic, cultural and political autonomy.Racial alienation can be defined as a loss of ones root culture in the process of adopting the culture of the oppressor. Cultural dispossession is the sufferance of the oppressors language with the aim of being accepted by the oppressor. Speaking ones language is assuming a culture thereby heavy(p) up of ones language. Racism has created the idea of inferiority of the black people resulting in black escaping to whiteness or blackness.Question 61. The most significant learning or insight you had while doing this module.The topic on African perspective on psychology versus the European perspective was the most significant insight. The link between the topic and colonisation left me thinking and with many unanswered questions.2. The most significant experiences you had while doing this moduleI enjoyed the walk about in my community, the high walls, the security and generally how different races relate to each other .3. What you most appreciate about this moduleI appreciated the synergistic approach of the module. We are so busy with our lives and work that one doesnt stop to look at personal relations, how we socialise with each other and the groups one does not relate to and the reasons why.4. What you least appreciate about this moduleThere nothing I least appreciated as everything I read I got a chance to disagree or agree as we are taught not to accept everything one is told. The fact that everything is debatable and that one is allowed to apply ones mind is good enough for me.

Don’t no

Aeronautical Science, Aviation Professionalism, Careers, and Certification Learning Objective 1 . Explain the qualifications, attributes, ethics, and responsibilities of aviation professionals. 1 . Website http//www. Fifth. Org/2011 /02/the-aviation-professional/ 2. Summary Directions Always Professional To be in aviation means that you must(prenominal) put your best foot forward in all that you do. You must always be professional even when no one is looking.To be professional Is a qualification, attribute, and ethical responsibility that cannot be taking lightly. The duties and obligations that go on with being professional as an aviation member is critical to each mission. The pilots responsibility is to know his or her Job and all emergency influence that go along with their Job, thats professional. Professional Is an action thats not Just learned, but drill Into a persons mind, body, and soul. So, when theyre in a panic situation Its second nature to them.To be professional I s to carry ones self In an appropriate manner, so that If whatsoeverone sees them they know what values they stand for. A professional Is a person that knows his or her blind ended regular measures. Aviation professional know that they must do the right thing when no one Is watching, because they hold lives In their hands. People that fiddle In the aviation field take the extra steps to do things right, thats practicing cracking ethics. These qualities can be found In many aviation force-out and that Is why we call them professionals.Wilbur Wright once said, The safety of the operator Is more Important than any other point. Greater prudence Is needed rather that greater skill. distributively member of an aviation crew knows that If the pilot Is safe so Is all that move with them. That Is why It Is Imperative that aviation professionals do the right thing when no one else Is watching. Dont no By metadata You must always be professional even when no one is looking. To be profe ssional is a emergency procedure that go along with their Job, thats professional.Professional is an action thats not Just learned, but drill into a persons mind, body, and soul. So, when theyre in a panic situation its second nature to them. To be professional is to carry ones self in an appropriate manner, so that if anyone sees them they know what values they stand for. A professional is a person that knows his or her foxiness hint when no one is watching, because they hold lives in their hands. People that work in the aviation field take the extra steps to do things right, thats practicing good ethics.These qualities can be found in many aviation personnel and that is why we call them professionals. Wilbur Wright once said, The safety of the operator is more important than any other point. Greater prudence is needed rather that greater skill. Each member of an aviation crew knows that if the pilot is safe so is all that flies with them. That is why it is imperative that aviatio n professionals do the right thing when no one else is watching.

Globalization on the people of Belize. Essay

Local and regional tensions have incrementd while the prospects of conflict with regional states have increased. In certain cases globalization has become a disruptive force by fragmenting the state of Belize. Some groups inside Belize have opposed globalization because of their strong nationalism and find of identity (Barnett 69, 2000). Trade agreements with bigger countries has allowed for the removal of all obstacles to corporate infiltration of Belize.Companies extend their businesses to Belize where labor force allows them to accumulate high profits at the expense of local workers and government. They similarly campaign Belize as they employ person impertinent the country work in the higher paying jobs. Most of the profits made by these corporations is sent outside the region and not spent inside Belize. The trade of Belize has to a fault been affected because corporations have the technology and financial resources to produce goods and services at cheaper prices and bulk q uantities as compared with the domestic market.Some local business organizations in Belize have lost their identities in the global trade (Barnett 68, 2000). Globalization also creates a strong sense of nationalism because it restricts the ability of Belizean government to control its policies. It has allowed free access to markets which were once protected. The country has found itself open to unfair competition with vastly larger beside countries. The thriftiness has been vulnerable to the world price of commodities like sugar cane, bananas and other agricultural products. Globalization has a negative impact on the culture of Belize.The the great unwashed of Belize are exposed to the music, news, sporting events, television shows, and movies which come out of the United States of America. The younger citizens of Belize are attracted to the culture of the US. They have marginalized the traditional music and arts of their country. pagan events of the country have been ignored by t he youth of Belize. Since American media has a culture of violence, these negative aspects have been transferred to the youth of Belize. There have been rise in crime and violence in the country. Health and environment also have negative repercussions from the advent of globalization.Transportation technology has made communications more in effect(p) and less time consuming but it has also contributed to the spread of deadly and infectious diseases like HIV/AIDS (Neuman 30, 2003). The country is also at assay of global warming which is a negative byproduct of globalization. Global warming has occurred because of the burning of fossil fuels and creation of nuclear waste. Industrialized countries produce and exchange goods cursorily which forces the environment to become more lethal and toxic. Small countries like Belize have been affected by the rise of global warming.They are at bane because of the changes in weather patterns, increased costs in fuels, inflation, and potential en vironmental disasters (Neuman 30, 2003). The environmental degradation of Belize has been one of the negative aspects of globalization. Many animal species are at threat because of environmental pollution in Belize. Recommendations Belize has witnessed the positive and negative impact of globalization. The opening of its economy and markets has helped to increase the level of social spending in the country. The health and educational activity indicators have also improved.The economy has also registered moderate economic growth. Globalization has helped the country to increase the standard of living. Belize has a robust economy which is dependant on financial services, sugar cane, shrimp, tourism, and oil reserves. The economy however faces challenges because of the substantial foreign debt. The political system is open and tolerant as compared with regional states. But it is recommended that Belize keep back to focus on political transparency and accountability. The political sys tem must be sharpend by ensuring that policy making is strong.The institutions of the country must also be strengthened which would assist the country in making better policy decisions. The Belizean government must strive to limit the negative affects of globalization. The culture of violence, crime, disease, environmental pollution is severe threats to the country. Belize Telemedia must continue to expand its network and deploy technologies in the rural areas. It must decrease its reliance on fixed yell services which have witnessed declining taxs. It must improve the coverage and range of cellular services which is the fastest growing sector in the country.It is also recommended that BTL continue to enhance its services by promoting efficiency and reliability. BTL should increase its fixed line, cellular, and internet services to the rural areas which would benefit the local economy. Conclusion Globalization is a controversial national which has sparked fierce debates in the wo rld. Belize is a small country located in Central America. It has been the recipient of the positive and negative aspects of globalization. On the positive side, the economy is liberal, open, and private. It has cut its tariffs and duties on several goods.Globalization has helped the country to link with international markets. International corporations have invested in the country which has led to the development of infrastructure and business. The country also has a robust domestic private sector which has advertised the services and goods of Belize. Tourism has substantially increased with the advent of globalization. It is a major source of revenue in the country. Tourists can now use cheap and less time consuming modes of transportation to travel to the country. The economy of Belize is still vulnerable to the external shocks of goodness prices in the world.The increased role of multinational corporations has also reduced the ability of the government to control its policies. The youth of Belize have been influenced by the culture of the US. There has been an increase in crime and spread of diseases like HIV/AIDS. Belize Telemedia has also been successful because of globalization and trade liberalization. It has increased its network coverage and provision of various services. The caller-up now provides cellular, fixed line, internet, and data communication services to urban and rural areas. It has also deployed wireless networks for rural residents and business organizations.References Kalinina, Olga. (2008). Belize. Standard Poors. 1 (2), 1-24. Neuman, Stephanie G. (ed. ). Small States and section Societies. New York Praeger, 2003 Furtado, Celso. Economic Development of Central America. (2d. ed. trans. , Suzette Macedo. ). (Cambridge Latin America Series. ) London Cambridge University Press, 2005 Jeffrey, Henry B. , and Colin Baber. Belize Politics, Economics, and Society. Boulder, Colorado Rienner, 2006. Barnett, Carla Natalie. The Political Econo my of Land in Belize Machete must Fly. (Ph. D. dissertation.) Mona, Kingston Jamaica University of the West Indies, 2000. Barry, Tom. Belize A Country Guide. Albuquerque, New Mexico Inter-Hemispheric Education Resource Center, 2005 Bolland, O. Nigel. Land in Belize. Kingston, Jamaica Institute of Social and Economic Research, 2006. Broad, David. Belize On the lip of the Cauldron, MonthlyReview, 2007, 38-42. Fernandez, Julio A. Belize Case Study for Democracy in Central America. Brookfield, Vermont Gower, 2006 Brock, Gerald (2005) Telecommunication Policy for the Information Age From Monopoly to Competition. Harvard University Press Mansell, Robin (2007).The New Telecommunications a political economy of network evolution. London, SAGE Publications Calabrese, A. and D. Jung (2007). Broadband telecommunications in Central America. Telecommunication Policy 16 BTL. (2008).Belize Telemedia Limited. Available http//www. belizetelemedia. net/directors-report-2007. php. Last accessed 2 Aug 2008 Cronin, F. J. , E. B. Parker, et al. (2007). Telecommunication Infrastructure enthronisation and economic-development. Telecommunication Policy 17 Fox, W. F. and S. Porca (2007). Investing in Rural Infrastructure. International Regional Science Review 24.

Kindergarten and Children Essay

The early years sector was non developed by government policy with specific aims merely was created in response to the requirements of families to transform economical and social factors. T herefore public expenditure foc functiond on families with social necessarily and difficulties. Local authority day nurseries catered primary(prenominal)ly for pip-squeakren who were at risk of infection from harm mainly in deprived aras. The Private sector held baby birdminders, nannies and occult nurseries availcap sufficient. The playgroup movement developed during the 1960s where p atomic number 18nts set up and ran proviso for their throw children to realise through play in village h wholes and some other community facilities.Families requirements for their children vary some p atomic number 18nts wishing pull off for their children so that they chiffonier return to work, some upraises want to stay with their children while they socialise, some lifts want their children i n lays which offer services aimed at encyclopaedism. Others may want their children to be in a home base environment save unfortunately non every family can afford to pay provision fees, therefore the early years sector has variant forms of provision to meet the needs of all families. The childcare provision includesMother and toddler groupsA spatial relation were the toddler can socialise with other children their age, whilst the incur or father can stay and learn to a greater extent bearings to look after and help with the childs development Pre-school A private babys room, unitary that is p caution for by the parent do not h former(a) compulsory hours, the child doesnt guard a primary election school place already. This is for a younger child to gain confidence at an early age. Day care A day care is for children from the age of 3 months to 5 years, they have different classes for children of different ages and the parents can drop off the child and pick them up wh en they wish.Some parents only take the child in for one or two hours a day so that they have some interaction with other children and have new experiences. Creche A creche is a drop in centre childcare provision, the parents do not pay a monthly fee they only pay when they need such childcare, creches are in many different places such as gyms, shopping centres and churches, in these areas the children are looked after whilst the parents can work out, shop or pray. The childcare sector has changed vastly in the last 50 years along with society.Mothers have stopped staying at home and as well passed on primary care to nannies or child minders. More childcare riding horses have been requisite as a result of this. The government offer all 3-4 year old children free day care in nurseries such as my setting for up to 15 hours a week, this means mothers can go to work etc. leaving their child there in the care of nursery teachers, practicians and nursery nurses. Identify current poli cies, frameworks and influences on the early years sector pic pic pic United nations blueprint on the rights of the child.Founded in 1989 by world leaders who decided that children needed a spare convention for those under 18s because they often need special care and that the government has a responsibility to take measures to take form sure childrens rights are protected, respected and fulfilled. All children have a right to adequate food, shelter, reasonably water, fosterage, health care, leisure and recreation. The act also protects childrens rights by setting the standards in health care, education and legal, civil and social services. The four core principles are Non-discrimination.Devotion to the best interests of the child The right to life- clock Survival and development Respect the views of a child All children up to the age of 18 are protected regardless of race, religion, gender, culture, whether they are rich or poor have a disability, what they do and dont say an d what language they speak, no child should be treated unfairly. The best interests of the child must endlessly come first when making decisions that can affect them. The EYFS works at setting the standards for scholarship ensuring that children make progress and no child gets left behind.The education Act Free childcare provisions were introduced for under five year old children as stated briefly previously. Since September 1st 2010 this rose from 12 and a half hours a week to 15 hours a week. The free entitlement provides access to education and care and the hours can be flexible over the week, all childcare provisions must use the EYFS and help young children achieve the five every(prenominal) Child Matters outcomes. Describe what is meant by evidence-based employment and endue samples of how this has influenced work with children in their early years.Evidence based coif is a framework of decisions made from effective information investigateed that influences practice an d allows practitioners to apply their knowledge to a situation which allows them to make a well informed decisions on future actions. Professional practice requires these findings and research to be kept up-to-date and a trustation as to how these can be applied to settings. Sometimes, we need to be sure of what we find out forward winning action as it might not be real or true.This is why it is so important for me to communicate and concerns or queries to my team. My everyday practice is influenced by what I have found out or learnt previously as a mother but also professionally through honoring my nursery teacher and practitioners and learning as I go. It has been interesting to see that I am heading in the right track as a parent but excited to learn things I hadnt even thought of previously for my own children that I can not only use in the setting but also bring home for my children to benefit from.An example of how research has influenced working with children is The Effec tive Provision of Pre-School Education (EPPE) which is the first main study in the UK that focuses on the effectiveness of early years education and studies young childrens intellectual, social and behavioural development at age 3 to 7, collecting a wide range of information on more than 3000 children, their parents, their home environment and the pre-school they attended.Its findings found that children who had attended early years provision were more likely to have better cognitive, social and behaviour skills when they started formal education than those who had no early years provision, also confirming the value of early learning through play especially from low-income families. Key Elements of effective practice (KEEP) is another example. It stressed that effective learning in children is dependent on secure relationships. education through play and forming secure relationships are both key elements to the EYFS. With formal and non formal observation schedules and reflective pr actice, there is quality of care, learning and development and adjudicateableness as staff may require training and review of procedures and policies in order to keep up to date with new evidence in the provision of health and education. Explain what is meant by Diversity Diversity is the differences between individuals and groups of people in societies.These differences could be gender, ethnic origins, social cultural or religious background, family structure, disabilities, sexual practice or appearance. Equality Equality means that individuals in society experience opportunities to achieve which are as good as the opportunities experienced by other people. Inclusion Inclusion is a process of pick uping, understanding and breaking down barriers to participation and belonging. Explain the importance of anti-discriminatory/anti bias practice, enceinte examples of how it is applied in practice with children and carersThe curriculum within settings should represent the different c ultures of the children within it to promote anti-discriminatory and anti bias practice, as does my setting. We include positive images within the play areas for example in books and on posters which allows our children to view pictures of different races, disabilities, sex and age which promotes an anti-bias view of the world we live in. We also have children within the setting who have special educational needs which also brings it to life for all the children to encourage this put upance into their lives.The setting creates an environment which is acceptable to all children regardless of their background, along with being able to make them feel welcomed. We ensure they are all valued and have access in every aspect of the provision. We also have had the pleasure of merging practitioners who are from different countries which also helps the children relate to equality within their lives. Explain how the ready participation of the children in decisions affecting their lives prom otes the achievement of positive outcomes.Children need to actively participate in decisions that will affect their life. Children that are young need to make simple preferences that enable them to find out their likes and dislikes not only for themselves but for us to then plan activities that meet their needs and challenge their abilities, it can be as simple as having a choice between an orchard apple tree and a pear. This will enable them to express their needs and wishes. Letting the children make choices builds a childs confidence, self esteem and their social skills.In our setting the children make choices all the time, this will be when a child makes a choice on what they want to do or who they want to do it with, these are simple choices that a child of pre-school and nursery age can make for themselves. This will enable the child to develop more and make choices later on in life that are more important such as, relationships, what course to take at college, whether to gai n a qualification, what job they may undertake or even when to get married etc.These choices will all be big decisions that could affect the rest of their life. We as practitioners need to actively listen to the childs choices and other ways that they may be able to communicate their wishes such as pointing, pictures, signing and any other non verbal means of conference to find out what the child or family actually want or need. We need to understand that children have voices and that they should be heard. Providing that they or others are not in any significant harm, their wishes should be listened to and followed.Examples of how children in our setting actively participate in their own choices include area of play, choice of activities during free flow time, choice of healthy food and drink available to them, choice of actions (good or bad, with intervention when necessary). Again, by giving them these choices it will help them to make small decisions in life and will enable them later in life to extend this to bigger decisions that affect their lives and will help future experiences. It also enables our children to learn to build up confidence, self-esteem and social skills by themselves and sometimes, with our guidance.Explain the importance of reviewing own practice as part of being an effective practitioner The quality of provision in any early years settings is dependent on the skills, attitudes, knowledge and experience of everyone who works there. pondering practice is the key to quality repairment as it helps to identify the strengths and weaknesses of different aspects of a settings provision. Reflective practice is the term used to describe the way in which professionals evaluate their own work and consider ways of improving their work.It is important to do this, as each year a different set of children and parents join the setting. They may have different needs, expectations or interests. Activities, routines and polices may have to be changed or updated to accommodate the new families. Reflecting on practice will help to see where changes need to be made. Staff are developing all the time too. Their knowledge and skills may change due to extra training or new staff having new ideas. National standards and frameworks may also change so this may have an impact on how the setting is run.To reflect on my own practice I tend to critically question what I do and see whether it works or whether there is room for improvement by asking my team for feedback and advise. I am also new to childcare as a profession rather then parent so I am constantly taking things in and exploitation support from my team as motivation to improve my own strengths and target my weaknesses. I tend to observe the reactions of children, parents and the team to help think about my effectiveness, but at the end of the day voicing any concerns is the best policy and my team will always come to me when needed.Especially in areas I may think are working well , I like to think about what skills and knowledge are helping me achieve this or whether I can catch more efficient. In areas of weaknesses I always think of ways to improve and pick up hints and tips from my brilliant colleagues who are more then happy to advise. I may need more training in the future when I fell more experience is needed such as first aid etc. I find reflecting on my practise helpful as it gives me a clearer picture of what I actually do within my work portion for my setting, and how I can make myself a valuable asset to my team.This itself gives me more confidence of my ability as practitioner and confidence to know that everybody can improve to provide the best care for all our children as I reach higher standards as I progress. Undertake a reflective analysis of own practice Being a reflective practitioner involves thinking about how you currently work and evaluating what you do in order to improve your practice. The reflective practitioner stands back, takes a balanced view and recognises what works well, but is also able to acknowledge what could be changed.To be a reflective practitioner you need to be self aware and able to look as objectively and honestly as possible at how you work with children, colleagues and parents. This is not easy, but taking a proactive role, reflecting on and analysing your own practice is far more rewarding than relying on someone in a more senior position to do this for you. Evaluating your own practice helps to put you in control of the changes that should be made, enables you to identify your professional development needs and will increase your confidence and feelings of job satisfaction.Reflective practice and self evaluation are fundamental to the Ofsted inspection process. By completing the Self Evaluation Form (SEF) managers and setting leaders are able to provide a snapshot of what happens in a setting. Through the SEF they can clearly identify the settings strengths and highlight what it does we ll. At the same time they can acknowledge any weaknesses in provision and plan the changes and improvements to be made. However, managers cannot achieve this alone.They are reliant on all practitioners in the setting taking responsibility for the quality of their individual practice and aiming for continuous improvement. As practitioner I want to be a good role model for the children in my setting by being enthusiastic to their efforts, positive and optimistic towards their abilities and good choices but also as I understand children are active learners I wish for them to be as enthusiastic as I am with their learning and development. I always aim to show a relaxed expression and limber up tones in my voice that I can pitch higher as I express enthusiasm.I try to get the children eager to get mired especially in planned activities that are designed to assess the children individually as it is important for me to know each childs specific needs etc. I am aware that my relationships with the children, parents and colleagues are not only important for the setting environment but also for our children to understand how to treat others and how peers and teamwork is important in life. I treat others how I wish to be treated and respect all my team as individuals professionally as well as getting to know them and enjoying their company during work hours.It is a pleasure to work with a great group of people who are passionate about giving our children a great start in life which, in turn also gives me the motivation to thrive and provide the best care I can for my colleagues and children. I actively listen and am taking in lots of information and advise given verbally or through watching others. This is active learning and it is a cycle within the work setting. When I talk to my colleagues it is in a professional manner with interest and respect. I am also willing to help in any way I can to maintain an efficient smooth running setting.When I talk to the children in the setting I try to relate to them, coming down to their level with interest and listening to anything they have to say. They will always ask questions that I will answer as honestly as I can. I am always intrigued to know their likes and dislikes and by getting to know each individual child helps in this area. It is always nice to following up on their ideas by discussing every thing with the nursery teacher who will then advise. I try my hardest to make every parent feel welcome and at value what they tell me especially when it is about the importance of their individual child.It is important to maintain relationships with everyone as not only does it help me provide the best care I can but it also makes the place a very strong place to be as we are helping these children thrive and flourish to take these abilities with them through life. I try to help the setting by being proactive in solving problems as they arise but I will come to my team in times of need. I definitely need to continue to actively learn through my team but also establish a personal style and accept we are all different and all give a different benefit to the team.I started off with little confidence as a parent you never quiet know what boundaries you can overcompensate with other children such as how stern to be when they make bad choices etc. Now I am much more confident and relaxed in my approach but I am always learning, every day I learn something new. I need to communicate and not be panic-struck to ask my nursery teacher if I misunderstand a task given to me. I made the mistake of setting out an extra military action that didnt help what the nursery teacher had planned as I assumed bowels were left out for it when in fact they were forgotten about and not put away.The nursery teacher was busy and so I tried to use my initiative but it was not a good decision. I should have waited to speak to my tutor and seek advice. This is what I shall do in the future. I tend to learn from my mistakes Develop strategies to deal with areas of difficulty and challenges encountered in professional practice in early years settings Examples of areas of difficulty and challenges that may arise in the work setting between myself and parents of children include Parents not collecting their child on time getting later and later Parents with outstanding fees Parents with a boot e.g. they claim a child has hit their child Speaking to a parent about a concern you have about their child (you feel that the child has specific needs, and you are worried how they may accept/not accept it). Parent has been discriminating against another parent (possibly verbally to the other parents). These issues are not only very sensitive to each individual family but they all require handling with professionalism and respect as a parent myself you need to feel valued and listened to and made aware that the dilema will be dealt with promptly and in effect and in confidence.This is why having full and comprehensive policies and procedures within my setting is important and relevant at these times to follow. When speaking to parents, if they came to me with a concern or complaint I would listen, really listen, even if they start to shout, often they just want to say their piece. Then if they have cause to complain or bring something up I may be able to deal with it there and then by speaking in a professional manner, without making it personal.If I am able to resolve it, I will try, if not I would this to the nursery teacher as she is a very good active listener and always wants the best for our children, parents and team. It is very important to maintain relationships as we would hate to tarnish the settings name we really do enjoy our involvement and helping our children the best way we can. To me it doesnt matter how small the concern is its important for that child and their parents, and I want to assure those parents I take things very seriously in order to resolve issu es.When a parent needs addressing for issues such as a concern about their child or fees are owed then the nursery teacher will deal with this matter by forms of letters or arranging a meeting to speak in confidence regarding the above. If a parent has come to me or the nursery teacher with a complaint about another parent I would have to have a quiet name or arrange a meeting to say It has been brought to my attention that you have been speaking about another parent unkindly/discriminatingly. They may interject here and say who said, they are lying?But I would just have to remember to say something such as I am not at liberty to say, but whether it is true or not I must remind you we are an equal opportunity setting who celebrates diversity and cultural beliefs. mobilize to explain sensitively and nicely that you are duty bound to make sure all the children and families are treated equally, and you would do the same for their child, if you felt they needed your support. But cur rently it is the responsibility of the nursery teacher and so I would talk to her about any such issues.

Multimedia Technology Essay

This paper critically canvass the affects of eCommerce on organisations and the significant growth of the technology. Many organisations are adopting the new technology to carry excellent relationship with customers, and the significant growth of eCommerce application is discussed and noted in this paper. This growth has raised accounts of security concerns and this paper outlines the security risks that associates with eCommerce and describes a number of ways to maintain and reduce the risks.In this paper, it is demonstrate how Cascading Style Sheet can be used to control the appearance and structure of the web-site, and also examine the use of have source reflective programming languages mainly used to develop server-side application and dynamic web content. This paper also examines the use of open source MySQL database application and its ability to store, retrieve and search data.By creating the web-site application, it shows how Cascading Style Sheet can control the appearan ce and structure of web-sites, and PREFACE The purpose of this stand out is to describe the essentials of eCommerce, how it is conducted and managed as well as assessing its limitation, issues and risks. An eCommerce is an interesting topic and it interest people in government, educational, heath services and other areas will benefit from the fellowship of eCommerce.Today eCommerce is going through a period of change for new technologies and ideas to be adapted to strategy implementation and profitability. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, my most heartfelt thanks go to the lord (Allah), for given me strength and knowledge to complete this project. Next, I thank my family especially my parents for showing concern and frequently enquiring how well I was doing and frequently petition when I was going to finish my project.Next is my partner Shada Abood who has been the most supportive, enthusiastic and constantly trying to help to test my product and spotting any mistakes in this report. I al so thank my supervisor Nigel Newbutt, who was very supportive and was there to advise me when I had a family problem. Special thanks go to the technicians at poove William Lab I appreciate their support and valuable contribution. Finally, I would like to thank my friends for understanding for being antisocial to complete this project.

Strengths, Weaknesses of One of the Perspectives of Psychology

Stephanie Graham Psy-201 October 7, 2012 What Are The Strengths And Weaknesses Of One Of The Perspectives Of Psychology Behaviorism is one point of look out in psychology directed to a scientific study of the behaviors of man and animal, and is insisted that the cause of our actions and psycheality lies in our environment, rather than our biology. Behaviorism, also referred to as behavioral psychology, is a theory of learning based upon the idea that every behaviors atomic number 18 acquired finished instruct.Conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment. Behaviorist believe that our responses to environmental stimuli shape our behavior. There are two types of conditioning, classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning was studied by the Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov, he demonstrated that dogs could learn to associate a neutral stimulus, such as the sound of a bell, with an impulsive behavior, such as reflexively salivating to food. He believed he had discovered the mechanism by which all behaviors were learned. B. F.Skinner investigated operant conditioning of voluntary and involuntary behavior is a form of learning in which an exclusives behavior is modified through its consequences, positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement and penalisation. He called his approach to psychology radical behaviorism, where everything a person does, says, and feels constitutes behavior. notwithstanding if the behavior is unobservable it can be subjected to experimental analysis. Skinner demonstrated that our social environment is fill up with reinforcing and punishing consequences that shape our behavior.For example many people dont enjoy getting up early to go to work every day, but they do it to get the settle with a paycheck. They are being rewarded for ripe(p) behavior. If some one didnt show up to work, or not call in that person may be fired and not receive a paycheck. This would be a punishment for their be havior. Growing up my parents would tell me that hard work gets good results. Getting straight As on my report card I received some incentives. If I didnt get into any trouble I received more incentives as well.But if got a bad grade on a homework assignment or test they would believe away incentives or any rewards. Without knowing it I grew up on the operant conditioning and suitable it to my daily life where hard work just seemed natural and has some incentives. Weaknesses Behaviorism examines human and apelike beings from the point of view of the behavior they demonstrate. Behaviorism is the understanding of behavior of people and animals in their every movement, randy response/ reaction, the way they think.Environment plays a great role in the life of people, but it is hard to symbolize the behavior of people only focusing on the environmental factor. In some ways behaviorism neglects the individualism of every person making a general behavioral pattern for everybody. A imp uissance is in Skinners operant conditioning theory, is the fact that it does not always work. A person can be pretending they stopped the behavior just to receive the reward. If you give a person a reward for good behavior, that person will expect a reward every quantify.Strengths One main specialisation of the behaviorist approach is that it focuses only on behavior that can be observed and manipulated in a turn backled environment. Behaviorism tends to predict the behavior in certain circumstances. So having the possibility to predict would give a person the ability to control behavior, avoiding any unnecessary reactions. People are more aware of how to control behavior which has become very important in parenting, and useful when circumstances kids reactions adapt more socially with others.Behaviorism has helped bring the desired outcome with the help of reinforcement, and punishment. It is a simple concept of behavior using the principals such as classical and operant condi tioning. Pavlovs approach aims to study behavior that is observable and directly measurable. Behaviorism has a tremendous contribution to the development of psychology. As in every perspective approach, study, or theory has its advantages, disadvantages, strengths and weaknesses. What whole caboodle for one person may not work for another.But it is just as important in helping people. Skinner and Pavlov both had great techniques in trying to recognize, predict, and control behaviors. Both have their strengths and weaknesses. You could say the Pavlovs theories were modern in a sense however even under favorable conditions however a person and especially an animal cannot be expected to do the exact same thing every time regardless of a like result. Variable change always has to be accounted for. Such as overlook of interest or tiredness.Skinner was on a better tract in my opinion with the rewarding/punishment of behavior. Some issues could arise there as well such as the interpreta tion of rewards by the individual and just like Pavlov you would have to change them or interest would be lost after eventually. Depending on circumstances both seem very applicable on a cocktail dress by case basis both having their strengths and weaknesses both very valid points but must be determined by what is to be achieved and who it is being done on.

Barriers To Parental Involvement

Signifi pratce of paternal Involvement to Student Achievement Education is one and only(a) of the basic rights of a person and improving the body politic of education has become the priority for almost all nations. Innovations in teaching lessons such as the work of computers and mul mdia became an established musical mode in achieving persona education. However, improving the state of education does non but when rely on sassy technologies and ameliorate books or different utilities.Research done by the United States incision of Education in 1994 evidenceed that enate appointment in a electric s deliverrs learning set up realize greatly decrease drop-taboo rates in conditions and have affirmative effects on a chelas consummation (Educational Resources education Center, 1998, p. 1). Involvement of p arnts can be defined as the cellular inclusion of dyadic relationships between the child, pargonnt, teacher or the childs legal guardian (Edgrowth, http//www. edgrow th. com/p2. html).P atomic number 18ntal interest that can enforce positive effects on a students performance can as healthful be differentiateified into different types. The three broad types that ar often used to categorize enatic interest group be at home or at shoal. At home agnate intimacy reputes that the activities the adverts take part in argon limited to civilise works that are brought home such as home works or naturalise projects. The heartbeat type of maternal involvement is at inculcate which basically means that the parents are compound in rail activities (Patrikaku, 2005, 8).A nonher type of parental involvement is through advocacy activities such as being a member of PTA/PTO organizations and other organizations which greatly boost the representation of parents and students in the inform and community (Chavkin, 1993, p. 191). Since the advance(prenominal) 1980s, the United States has emphasiseed the importance of parental involvement in childr ens development. In order to stress out the importance of this involvement, many states in America enacted legislations that lead increase the involvement of parents in school programs.Some of these legislations are in Connecticut, Michigan, Ohio and South Carolina. These states require the students parent or guardian to be actively involved in school activities. They in any case require the parents or guardians to record and report the activities they do with their child (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2006, p. 152). The greatest gains that can be made when parents are involved in their childrens learning can be achieved when the parents are non only mere supporters except likewise if they are greatly involved in the activities.Deep involvement means that the parents non only supervise the children but also act as tutors when the children are at home. (Hornby, 2000, p. 3). Therefore the brass of extensive parental involvement is a genuinely important element in maintaining and securing the effectiveness of quality education. Numerous benefits of involving parents in a students learning justify why this kind of involvement is important. Research done in the United States show that when parents play a role in their childs education, the students do not only benefit academically but also favorablely.The research also showed that family income and social status are not accurate indicators of whether a student result succeed. (Franklin, et. al. , 2006, p. 630). The environment that a family creates when they are involved in a students learning begins a student penury to achieve much. Also, when they support and express high expectations from their childrens education, the children tend to achieve more(prenominal). Additionally, children learn the value of their achievements no matter how big or small it is whence encouraging them to be proud of who they are.Other researchers were able to gain that parental involvement is dir ectly related to student achievement. The students who had their parents involved in their education were observed to have repair performance in school. The students had cave in realizeance and decreased drop-out rates. The attitudes and behaviors of the students were also improved. School bullying was not observed from the students who are effectively guided by their parents (Hawes, et. al. , 2001, p. 742). When a parent guides their child in school through positive involvement, the child also learns how to be responsible and have good leadership skills.Studies show that the ability to make wise decisions start from decisions that are made within the family. Therefore if a child is taught wisely, the child provide be able to make sound decisions when he is at school and in particular when he grows up (Michigan Department of Education, 2010l). From the very early stages of studying, parental participation deeply enhances the academic achievement as sanitaryspring as a childs adjustment in school. It also allows students to have better opportunities to cultivate scholastic and social skills.These skills if developed well will be helpful in later school success and long-term cognitive benefits (Wong, K. , et. al. , 2002, p. 184). Importance of parental involvement is also highlighted because students whose parents are involved in school have good discipline at school and have better communications with their teachers. Unlike other students who disobey their teachers and do not behave well in class, these students do not get detentions often. They also respect their teachers like how they respect their parents (Va Educational Research Service (Arlington), 1997, p. 7).School administrators also refrain from unsatisfactory work when it comes to monitoring children. Indeed parental involvement is very significant in a students development and their achievement. Its importance is proven by numerous studies done not only in the United States but also in other c ountries. Its significance encourages more schools to heed their students parents to become more actively involved in school activities. It also makes communication between school and the parents better. Children are undoubtedly stimulated to achieve more and do well in school. Socio-Economic BarriersMaking majority of parents involved in the childrens education is not an easy task for educators. There are many impediments in parental involvement that school administrators face. Though there are legislations made for this, barriers such as socio-economic factors are not easily eradicated. Socio-economic status or SES can be defined as an individual or familys social and economic position that is basically based on the family income and occupation, parental education level, and social status in the community (North Central Regional Educational Laboratory, http//www.ncrel. org/sdrs/areas/issues/students/earlycld/ea7lk5. htm). Students who belong in lower socio-economic class or the working class have lesser parental involvement than those who belong in the upper socio-economic class. This is partly because the parents of the latter spend more time with their children than those from the lower social class. Parents who are not very affluent spend majority of their time at work therefore reducing the time that is so-called to be spent guiding their children (King. W. , 1999, p. 64).Working class parents also refrain from developing communication relationships with their childs teachers thus numbering in lack of information when it comes to school activities and happenings inside the classroom (Galen, J. , et. al. , 2007, p. 169). few other barrier in parental involvement that is related to the socio-economic status of a parent is when school administrators favor students whose parents are more supportive of school policies. These parents give more to school projects in terms of monetary donations therefore qualification them more actively participate in sc hool.Also, there are cases where in students from separate families experience paradigm jeopardy in school. The double jeopardy happens when students who have low socio-economic status live in disadvantaged communities and are also doubly inclined to attend disadvantaged schools. Though they can contract to attend better schools, they are sometimes segregated by these advantaged schools therefore discouraging them from doing better in class. separatism happens when the said schools choose the most able youth in school activities thus neglecting other students (Richardson, S. , et. al. , 2005, p.213). Another study showed that parents who live in communities with poor socio-economic status are not very easy to kick the bucket in terms of communication (Van Wyk, et. al. , 2008, p. 17). They either settle in different places in a short-span of time partly because they do not have sufficient financial resources. Some are difficult to get across because they deem parental involvemen t in school as a waste of time and that they should be earning money for their family than attending school functions. Lack of access to financial resources is seen to be a growing enigma in schools today (Thomas, L. , et. al., 2007, p. 68). Cost of education is slowly increasing and some parents choose to have their children out of school in order to meet the demands of their basic needs. When this happens, the number of out-of-school children increases. Thus, the needed opinion from parents to make the quality of education better is not given. When a certain family belongs in a community from a low socio-economic status, they tend to feel isolated because of poverty and unemployment. This social isolation will have a ostracise impact on the parents and childrens socialization skills curiously to the school (Lyman, R., et. al. , 1989, p. 211). Some parents express caution about communicating with teachers because they are afraid that they will be treated fairly by teachers. fav ouritism or unfair treatment due to their class is also feared by parents from low socio-economic stage setting. Additionally, depending on the socio-economic background of the parent, they whitethorn adapt well to the advocacies done by the school and the activities performed by schools (Porter, L. , 2008, p. 35). They can either choose to easily accept these school policies or not and this will greatly affect the success of parental involvement.Language Barriers The use of quarrels sets humans apart from other living organisms. It is a vital tool that is utilized to elapse with others and understand each other. However, because of the many different spoken languages, spate from different nationalities find it difficult to yield each other. In case of parental involvement, language is also another barrier in achieving the benefits of parental involvement. School activities such as Parent-Teacher Association meetings are deemed important in involving parents in the childs schoo l.It is one way to let the parents know of the problems of the school and the students and how they can help the school solve these issues (Struck, D. , 1995, p. 17). However, when meetings are held in a school that caters to widely diverse nationalities, language is a problem. Not everybody speaks and comprehends one language, therefore making understanding difficult. Parents who belong to the minority or other nationality for example Asians feel that it may be disrespectful if they will talk to teachers and not be able to fully understand what the teacher is utter (Diane Publishing, 1998, p. 21).Minority parents also feel awkward when approaching teachers and other staff from their childrens school because they feel that they will not be able to understand each other. There are also instances where in because of the language barrier, parents from the minority are no longer invited to attend school activities because instead of making understandings, more arguments are made (Rockw ell, R. , et. al. , 2009, p. 95). Though there are translations services offered by some schools that advocate parental involvement school, difference in language is not that easily overcome by some school administrators (Funkhouser, J., 1997, p. xlv). This is because translators are unable to translate all languages that may be used by parents. Additionally, not all parents, especially from the minority are not that welcome to the idea that someone is translating for them. School Receptivity The schools receptivity also plays as a factor in the success of parental involvement. If the school welcomes the parents well and if they are open to the opinions of the parents, hindrances to parental involvement will be avoided. School receptivity is, based on researches found to be a great predictor of how willing schools are (Robinson, E., 2007, p. 11). However, not all schools are very receptive to parents at school. Research showed that there were teachers who did not communicate well wi th parents thus resulting to too many miscommunications (Nelson, G. , 2005, p. 253). Projects that were started both by the school and the parents in order to guide students failed. Because of this, some schools refrain from involving parents too much in school activities and other advocacies. Family members and school personnel are the people responsible for a childs education.Aside from this, these people also contribute to the betterment of the educational influence (Hiatt-Michael, D. , 2010, p. 4). Their receptivity towards each other is fundamental to the construction of a childs knowledge. The greater the receptivity, the better the relationship between the parents and the school is and better decisions will be made for the benefit of the students. As mentioned before, there are parents who are afraid of talking with teachers because of socio economic and language barriers. The same goes with school administrators and other school personnel.Some of them do not accept much of the parents involvement in teaching students for this may cause confusion in the part of the students. Indeed, school receptivity is a major factor in the implementation of parental involvement in a childs study. Even if there are numerous laws or regulations that encourage parents to be involved in schools, if the school itself is not receptive to these policies, the parents endeavor to support their childrens education will all prove to be futile. Parent Aspirations As parents, it is only natural for them to aspire for something good for the future of their children.In order to prepare them for it, they send them to the dress hat schools, give them the best resources that they can afford and guide them very well on what decisions should be made. Their involvement in the childrens school is also another method of preparing their children that better future. Through proper academic encouragement, parents can greatly help their children achieve in school (Valencia, R. R. , 2002, p. 125). However in cases of disadvantaged families, their aspirations for their children magnate lack and result to the students poor performance in school.Because of their status they tend to be more negative that parents who are affluent or parents who are not that disadvantaged. Parents from disadvantaged families are by research more pessimistic than those who are not disadvantaged (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2010, p. 179). Parents who are from poor families also have the lean to settle for less than ambition for something great. When they let their children attend school, they do not pursue a college percentage point because they think that graduating from secondary school is enough to get a decent job (Combat Poverty seasonncy, 1999, p.10). When these parents do not have high aspirations for themselves or their children, they also refrain from being involved in school activities. They think that it is just a waste of time and that it will not be n ecessary in finding decent jobs in the future. They also do not want to be involved in their childrens school because they might have experienced something negative which led to their low aspirations in life. On the other hand, if the parents, even if they belong in a disadvantaged family, have high aspirations for their children, thusly their involvement in the school will be high.This will lead to their childrens high achievements and to do well in school. Additional Barriers Aside from the barriers to parental involvement mentioned above, there are still more problems that serves as hindrances to parental involvement for disadvantaged families. These barriers are the reasons why parental involvement is not that effective in some schools. If not dealt with properly, both y the school and the parents, the construction of education of the student will be gravely affected. The structure of the family can be considered as another barrier in parental involvement especially for disadva ntaged families.For an instance, if the family belongs to the single-parent structure, then it will be difficult for the parent to be involved in school activities. It will also be hard for her to teach the children after school because the said parent will be performing the roles of two parents at a single time (Callison, W. , 2004, p. 2). The working document of the parent is also another barrier in parental involvement. If the parent is working full time, then it will be difficult for them to be involved in school activities which aim to give their children better education.Meetings such as PTA meetings will clash with their work scheduled and they will have to sacrifice one or the other based on their time schedule. If they belong to a lower socio-economic class or from a disadvantaged family then they will surely choose their work because making money for their family will be their utmost priority. Other children in the family can also be another barrier in parental involvemen t. There are cases where in the disadvantaged family has too many children. Because of this, they cannot focus on the social welfare of one child alone.They sometimes neglect or sacrifice the education of their other children to give way to their younger children. They cannot support the schools advocacies because they have other things to do for their other children (Openshaw, L. , 2007, p. 60). For disadvantaged families who came from other countries or are immigrants, cultural differences may be a barrier for them. What they are used to do in their home country may vary on the place they currently reside in. Miscommunications will be the result of cultural differences between the parent and the teachers.What the teacher will say might mean entirely different to the parent based on the culture he grew up in. remote parents or guardians can be another barrier in parental involvement especially for disadvantaged families. Elderly people are sometimes too conservatives when it come s to changes in policies or how things are ruled. When the school wants a new regulation that will be for the welfare of the students, there is a chance that they might resist this change. alternatively of helping the school to provide better services, their being conservative will only hinder the positive changes enforced.Transportation can also be considered as another barrier in parental involvement. For disadvantaged families especially, spending money on transportation to go to their childs school can be called luxury. They might be unable to afford transportation so they will just skip the meetings or other advocacies implemented by the school. Negative or other traumatic experiences that a parent had when they were at school can be another barrier for parental involvement. Due to the negative experiences they had when they were students, they might shun union with schools when they grow up.More often than not, parents send their children to schools they went to when they we re younger. Though the staff that administers the school may be different during their childrens time, the trauma brought about by their negative experiences may result in their refusal to be involved in the school again. Indeed there are more barriers to parental involvement especially for disadvantaged families that are being discovered by studies done by experts. Unless they are dealt with properly, implementation of parental involvement in schools will not be successful. References Callison, W. (2004). 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